Page 173 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
th
DIVERSIFICATION OF TRICHOMES OF CRUCIFEROUS PLANTS
(BRASSICACEAE BURNETT) OF THE FLORA OF UKRAINE
Antonina Ilyinska

M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine; E-mail.: ilynska@ukr.net

Cruciferous trichomes have long been described and used in taxonomy primarily for the
delimitation of varieties, species or genera. Only K. Prantl considered the configuration of
hairs as important diagnostic features of tribes and subtribes. The use of a scanning electron
microscope (SEM) has opened up new opportunities for trichomes research. New hair types
have been described. There is no unified classification of structural diversity of trichomes in
the Brassicaceae family. For example, E. Dennert (1885) identified three, C.R. Metcalfe and L.
Chalk (1979) – fifteen, and M.A. Beilstein, I.A. Al-Shehbaz and E.A. Kellogg (2006) – four types
of trichomes.
The aim of the work was to investigate the structural diversity of trichomes of all species
of the Brassicaceae Burnett (251 species) of the flora of Ukraine.
Materials of the herbarium collections (KW, DNZ, JALT, LW, CWB, KWHA, LE, MW) and
literature data were used. Small fragments of leaves and pedicels were glued to the tables
with double adhesive tape and covered with gold. Samples were examined with SEM JSM-
6060 LA (JEOL, Japan).
A new classification has been proposed, which includes five types (simple unbranched,
stellate, malpighiaceous, dendroid and furcate) and 12 groups of simple hairs, as well as two
types (multicellular and unicellular) and two groups of glandular trichomes. It was found that
hairs are absent in 16 species of 11 genera of Brassicaceae (Cakile Miller, Cochlearia L., and
Armoracia G. Gaertn., B. Mey. & Scherb. etc.) of the flora of Ukraine. These species are
components of wet, over-wetted, or saline biotopes. Pubescence of 105 species of 20 genera
(Crambe L., Alliaria Heist. ex Fabr., Sobolewskia M. Bieb., and Sisymbrium L., etc.) is an optional
feature. It is formed mainly by simple hairs. The ecological range of these species is quite wide
– semi-humid, humid and saline biotopes. Stellate hairs are especially peculiar to xerophilous
species of the tribe Alysseae, only in Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv. there are malpighiaceous,
and furcate trichomes are often observed in combination with simple ones (Arabidopsis
Heynh., Turritis L., Strigosella Boiss. etc.). Heteromorphic pubescence consisting of simple and
glandular trichomes are of the genera Bunias L. Chorispora R. Br. ex DC., Clausia Trotzky,
Hesperis L. and Matthiola W.T. Aiton. These genera form one big superclade, according to the
data of molecular phylogenetic studies.
Our results demonstrate that cruciferous of the flora of Ukraine have very diverse of
trichomes. The type of trichomes and the characteristics of pubescence are persistent generic,
sectional or species-specific, and some tribes are also diagnosed. A large diversity, of
trichomes, was formed, possibly as a result of the evolution of the ancestor type of
Brassicaceae s. l. in very different cryo-xerophilic biotopes of the continental climate.
Keywords: Brassicaceae, trichomes, SEM, morphology, flora of Ukraine.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |173
th
September 11–13, 2019