Page 169 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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SUPERFAMILY APOIDEA IN ORGANIC AGROLANDSCAPES OF WINTER WHEAT

Tetiana Grabovska
Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University, Bila Tserkva, Ukraine;
E-mail.: grabovskatatiana@gmail.com
Bees play a key role in pollinating plants and are very sensitive to adverse factors, which
is why they are used as indicators of the environment. Biodiversity of agrocenoses is an
indicator of the degree of their anthropogenic transformation and stability. In organic
farming, unlike conventional, pesticides, agrochemicals and artificial fertilizers, GMOs are not
used. It is close to natural conditions, but remains artificially created. Therefore, in such
agrolandscapes, the qualitative and quantitative composition of the biocenose and,
accordingly, environmental indicators, which include Apoidea, are changing.
The aim of the research was to identify the diversity of superfamily Apoidea in the
organic agrolandscapes of winter wheat in the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.
The research was carried out at the Skvyra Research Station for organic production; its
organic fields have been certified since 2013 and are typical for this natural zone. Insects
were gathered using the standard entomological aerial insect net (20 waves, 5 repetitions) on
the organic fields of winter wheat (phase BBCH 85). Control was the fields of winter wheat
with conventional technology. The area of the organic field is 6.12 hectares; studied areas are
2
100 m . Apoidea representatives were detected in agrocenoses, ecotones between fields and
forest shelter belts, as well as in forest shelter belts.
Representatives of families Halictidae (3 species / 100 m ) and Colletidae (1 species /
2
100 m ) were found on the organic field of winter wheat. In the ecotones between the field
2
and the forest shelter belt we found families Crabronidae (1 species / 100 m ) and
2
Megachilidae (2 species / 100 m ). Families Andrenidae (1 species / 100 m ), Halictidae (4
2
2
species / 100 m ), Megachilidae (2 species / 100 m ) and Colletidae (1 species / 100 m ) were
2
2
2
in the forest shelter belts near the organic field. In the conventional field, families Crabronidae
(2 species / 100 m ), Andrenidae (1 species / 100 m ) and Colletidae (1 species / 100 m )
2
2
2
were found.
Bees of these families have a variety of nesting behavioral forms and trophic relations. In
the organic agrolandscape there were representatives of genera Philanthus and Cerceris,
which have a different food specialization. However, their larvae are entomophagous and
harm the bees. Also, there were important pollinators of plants – genera Hylaeus and Andrena.
In the forest shelter belt near the organic field with winter wheat, the largest number of
families and representatives of bees were found, 50% of which are Halictidae.
Organic farming allows biodiversity to be sustained. However, agrocenoses of winter
wheat are artificially created by human semi-natural systems, which should contribute to the
sustainability and productivity of agroecosystems. Therefore, amount of bees are less there
than in the adjoining forest shelter belt with a more complex structure of biotopes.

Keywords: Apoidea, organic farming, winter wheat, biodiversity.
Acknowledgments
My great thanks to Dr A.V. Puchkov (Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine) for the
identification of bees in superfamily Apoidea. My special thanks to Dr V.V. Lavrov, my scientific adviser
(Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University) for reviewing this paper.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |169
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September 11–13, 2019