Page 127 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
th
BIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LOW‐INTENSITY NON‐IONIZING RADIATIONS IN MUSHROOMS

Nataliia Poyedinok , Nataliia Serhiichuk ,Anatoly Negriyko 3
1
2
1 Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine; E-mail.: n.poyedinok@gmail.com
2 Open International University of Human Development "Ukraine", Kyiv, Ukraine
3 Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Mushrooms, one of the most ancient organisms of our planet, have a photo-regulating
system of mycochrome. Are well-known such mushrooms responses on low-intensity
radiation, such as regulation of speed and growth vector, control of the implementation of the
genetic program of individual development. It has now been found that low-intensity light in
the blue-violet region of the spectrum in fungi regulates the intensity of hyphae branching,
induces carotenogenesis, and accelerates asexual and sexual reproduction processes. The
wavelength of light affects a number of metabolic processes.
Our studies the effect of light on spore germination, vegetative growth, biosynthetic
activity and fruiting of some macromycetes belonging to different systematic and ecological
groups showed that laser radiation in doses of 45–230 mJ/cm activated the process of spores
2
germination in Hericium erinaceus in 10–10 times. Moreover, the effect of radiation was the
5
more effective, than a lower the initial percentage of spore germination was. The study of the
effect of light in the range of 430–720 nm, obtained from different sources, on the growth of
Inonotus obliquus showed that the greatest biological effect, in this case, occurred when the
mycelium was irradiated with blue light. At the same time, irradiation with red light, both in
the far and near ranges, increased both the rate of linear growth and the accumulation of
biomass. On the other hand, the positive reaction of I. obliquus to irradiation in the blue and
red wavelength ranges supports the theory that two photoreceptor systems exist in melanin-
containing fungi: mycochromic and a system involving melanin pigments.
A comparative study of the effect of light of different wavelengths in a continuous,
pulsed and intermittent mode on the linear growth of Ganoderma lucidum and the
accumulation of biomass showed that pulsed and intermittent light has a greater stimulating
effect than continuous at the same dose and wavelength.
Low-intensity radiation can act as a stimulator of the biological activity of mycelium not
only in mushrooms that need to be illuminated during the formation of fruit bodies but also
for Agaricus bisporus, which can develop in complete darkness.
Our results suggest that low-intensity light of the visible part of the spectrum can be
used as synthesis stimulator of polysaccharides G. lucidum, melanins from I. obliquus,
carotenoids from Laetiporus sulphureus. Irradiation significantly affects on the carbohydrate
composition of G. lucidum exopolysaccharides.

Keywords: mushrooms, low-intensity radiation, biological activity regulation.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |127
th
September 11–13, 2019