Page 122 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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ALLELOCHEMICALS FROM CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.: PLANT‐ROOT ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS
Nataliia Pavliuchenko, Olga Grygorieva, Svitlana Klymenko

M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
E-mail: npavliuch@gmail.com
Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill., Fagaceae family) is a valuable food, ornamental,
honey and medicinal plant. C. sativa grows in nature mainly in the Mediterranean and Atlantic
regions of Europe, Asia Minor, and North Africa. C. sativa is spread in Ukraine predominantly
in the Precarpathian and Transcarpathian regions. Recently, the economic efficiency of using
of C. sativa in natural habitats significantly reduced as a result of damage from pests and
diseases, and the effects of global climate change. Therefore, it is extremely important to
cultivate C. sativa outside the natural range to preserve its gene pool. The success of the
introduction of new plant species to a large extent depends on the allelopathic factor. The
purpose of the work was to investigate the allelopathic properties of the root environment of
C. sativa plants of different ages under the conditions of introduction.
The objects of the research were 10 and 40-year-old plants of C. sativa, which are
growing in Forest-Steppe of Ukraine in M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of National
Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kyiv). Rhizosphere soil samples were collected at 0–30 cm
layer. The fallow soil was used as a control. Allelopathic and biochemical analyses of the root
environment of C. sativa were conducted in dynamics during the growing season. Allelopathic
activity of the root environment was studied by direct bioassay method. The redox potential
(Eh) was measured in soil suspension modelling soil solution at the soil to distilled water
ratio as 1:1 by potentiometric technique. Phenolic compounds were extracted from the soil by
desorption method using an ion exchanger KU-2-8 (H ).
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Allelopathic analysis of the root environment of chestnut plants showed phytotoxicity
within the range of 19.9–61.9 % compared with control. Phytotoxicity increased under the
influence of 40-year-old plants. The allelopathic activity of the root environment was maximal
at the end of the growing season, which is obviously due to the release of organic compounds
from plant residues. The redox status of the root environment of C. sativa was characterized
by the predominance of reducing conditions, the intensity of which increased under the
influence of older plants. At the same time, weakly oxidizing conditions in the control were
detected. The values of redox potential of the rhizosphere soil were 1.2–3.5 times lower than
control. This indicates the accumulation of mobile organic compounds in the root
environment of C. sativa. The content of phenolic compounds in the root environment of C.
sativa was 1.4–2.5 times higher than control. The dynamics of accumulation of phenolic
compounds in the rhizosphere soil has shown a tendency to gradually increase their content
during the growing season.
Thus, the seasonal dynamics of allelopathic activity, redox conditions, and the content of
phenolic allelochemicals in the root environment of C. sativa depended on the age of plants.
The accumulation of organic compounds of phenolic nature caused obviously an increase in
the phytotoxicity of the root environment of C. sativa along with the age of the plants.

Keywords: Castanea sativa, root environment, аllelopathic activity, phenolic allelochemicals, redox
potential.

|122 4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life
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September 11–13, 2019