Page 59 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION INFLUENCE ON FOOD QUALITY OF SEEDS
AND PRODUCTIVITY OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. PLANTS
Svetlana Shysh , Hanna Shutava , Zhanna Mazets
1
1
2
1 Central Botanical Garden, NAS of Belarus, Minsk, Belarus; E-mail.: anna_shutova@mail.ru
2 Belarusian State Pedagogical University named M. Tank, Minsk, Belarus
Nigella sativa L. is a valuable medicinal plant of the Ranunculaceae family. It is important
for Belarus to look for optimal conditions and methods for cultivating Nigella sativa plants.
Thus it is necessary to use stimulating factors to increase the agro-technical characteristics of
plants. For that purpose, we chose the electromagnetic treatment of the millimeter range of
low-intensity (EMR) which had proved itself well in a number of vegetable crops both in
Belarus and abroad.
The effect of EMR on the morphobiometric parameters, productivity and the oil
composition from Nigella sativa seeds immediately after exposure (EMR1) and at the end of
the vegetative period (EMR2) has been estimated. The physical effects on the seeds of the
EMR of the regimes: Regime1 (frequency 53.57–78.33 GHz) with 20 minutes treatment
exposure (R1), Regime 2 and Regime 3 (frequency 64.00–66.00 GHz) with processing
exposures of 12 minutes (R2.1) and 8 minutes (R2.2) respectively have been selected for
study. Seed treatment has been performed at the Institute for Nuclear Problems of the
Belarusian State University. Extraction of the oil from the Nigella sativa seeds was carried out
with hexane in the Soxhlet apparatus for two hours, which corresponded to 6 cycles.
Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the oil from the Nigella sativa seeds was performed by
gas chromatography.
The vegetation period of the Nigella sativa in the conditions of the central agro-climatic
zone of Belarus is about 145 days. The pre-sowing treatment by EMR contributed to the
appearance of more friendly shoots and stimulated growth processes especially at the
beginning of the juvenile period. This was reflected on the productivity elements formation of
this culture and in the control, it was 39.59 g/m and depending on the regime of exposure
2
was from 9.32 to 45.24 g/m . According to the obtained data, unsaturated fatty acids
2
predominated in the Nigella sativa seeds’ oil and their content hesitated depending on the
year of cultivation and the EMR regime. The main component was linoleic acid (56.4–61.9 %)
and then was the content of oleic (13.4–16.8 %), eicosadienoic (2.8–3.6 %) and linolenic
(0, 36–0.68 %) acid. The change in the quantitative composition of fatty acids as a result of
pre-sowing EMR exposure has been noted. Changes in the composition of fatty acids of Nigella
sativa seeds’ oil after EMR1 has been associated with a decrease in the amount of linolenic
and arachidonic acids. In the case of EMR2, a significant decrease in the amount of stearic acid
and rise of unsaturated fatty acids content has been noted. It was revealed that the EMR in the
Nigella sativa seeds’ oil had reduced the amount of timokhinone in all studied cases. At the
same time, the treatment by P2.1 resulted in the lowest content of timochinone in the oil. This
dependence persisted in different years of research.
So EMR influences on the morphobiometric indicators and the composition of the active
metabolites of Nigella sativa seeds has been established.

Keywords: electromagnetic radiation of microwave range, Nigella sativa L., fatty acids, thymoquinone.
Acknowledgment
The authors are grateful to Dr. Valentina N. Rodionova, Institute for Nuclear Problems of the
Belarusian State University, for seed treatment and P. Shabunya, Insitute of Bioorganic Chemistry.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |59
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September 11–13, 2019