Page 64 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
th
BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF BEE POLLEN AND INFLORESCENCES
OF BRASSICA NAPUS L. VAR. NAPUS
Olena Vergun , Vladimira Horčinová Sedláčková , Zuzana Schubertová ,
1
2
2
Jana Šimková , Ján Brindza
2
2
2 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine;
E-mail.: en_vergun@ukr.net
1 Institute of Biological Conservation and Biosafety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra,
Slovak Republic
Genus of Brassica L. belongs to Brassicaceae Burnett, which is the most important group
of plants due to their economic, nutritional, medicinal, pharmaceutical value. Plants of
Brassica used as food and forage crops in the worldwide. Brassica napus L. is used in the
production of oil and livestock feed. It is wide cultivated crop due to high content of oil in the
seeds (up to 40 %). Study of bee pollen properties interesting because it is natural product,
which contain biologically active compounds such as protein, amino acids, especially
essential. Nutritional value of bee pollen protein is important parameter for honeybees and
depends on concentration of amino acids.
Plant material of this study was Brassica napus L. var. napus harvested at the period of
flowering. Total content of ash and protein determined according to EN method (ČSN EN
12145, 1997). Content of lipids detected by ISO method (ISO 659: 1998), carotenoids by ČSN
560053, 1986, ascorbic acid and fatty acids content by HLPC method, amino acids content by
ion-exchange liquid chromatography.
Results demonstrated that inflorescences and bee pollen of B. napus var. napus
accumulated dry matter 10.13 and 70.10 %, protein 21.05 and 23.60 %, ash 9.92 and 2.16 %,
lipids 4.78 and 4.39 %, ß-carotene 7.8 and 4.2 mg/kg, respectively. Content of saturated fatty
acids (g/100 g) in inflorescences and bee pollen was 37.80 and 22.70 of fat, mono unsaturated
fatty acids 4.60 and 5.20 of fat, polyunsaturated fatty acids 21.70 and 53.50 of fat,
respectively. Composition of amino acids (g/kg) in inflorescences and bee pollen of B. napus
var. napus was following: alanine 6.4 and 9.8, arginine 5.7 and 8.8, glycine 8.8 and 10.1,
histidine 5.4 and 7.3, isoleucine 4.5 and 7.5, glutamic acid 35.5 and 22.3, leucine 8.2 and 13.9,
lysine 8.9 and 14.3, phenylalanine 5.7 and 9.2, proline < 0.2 and 16.2, threonine 0.4 and 1.5,
tyrosine 4.3 and 5.5, valine < 0.2 and 11.1, asparagine 18.4 and 18.8, cystine 3.8 and 3.6,
methionine 2.7 and 5.9, tryptophan 1.9 and 3.3, respectively. Qualitative content of lipids
showed presence of complex of fatty acids. Among them linolenic acid had a highest content in
bee pollen (40.73 g/100 g of fat). In bee pollen also found palmitic acid (18.84 g/100 g),
linoleic acid (12.80 g/100 g), oleic acid (3.97 g/100 g), etc. Other investigated fatty acids of
bee pollen found in less concentrations. Inflorescences characterized by presence of following
fatty acids: palmitic (15.06 g/100 g), linolenic (11.37 g/100 g), linoleic (10.36 g/100 g), lauric
(6.31 g/100 g), capric (5.72 g/100 g), myristic (4.10 g/100 g), oleic (3.41 g/100 g), stearic
(3.35 g/100 g), etc. Other investigated fatty acids of inflorescences had less concentrations.
Thus, inflorescences and bee pollen of B. napus var. napus are valuable source of
nutrients with high content of dry matter, ash, protein, fatty acids, etc. Bee pollen of this plant
had higher level of amino acids comparing with inflorescences besides glutamic acid and
cystine. It is rich source of fatty acids. Obtained data can be used for farther biochemical and
pharmacological investigations.

Keywords: Brassica napus L. var. napus, inflorescences, bee pollen, biochemical composition
Acknowledgments
Authors are grateful to scientific community AgroBioNet for supporting this study.

|64 4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life
th
September 11–13, 2019