Page 53 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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POLYPLOIDY INDUCTION IN GIANT MISCANTHUS
(MISCANTHUS × GIGANTEUS GREEF ET DEU.)
Oleksandr Melnychuk , Serhii Ozheredov , Oleg Bayer , Olena Shisha ,
1
1
1
1
Dzhamal Rakhmetov , Svitlana Rakhmetova , Alla Yemets , Yaroslav Blume
2
2
1
1
1 Institute of Food Biotechnology and Genomics of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine; E-mail.: olexandr_melnichyk@ukr.net
2 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Science of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
Soil and climatic conditions of most regions of Ukraine are favorable for cultivation of
perennial energy plants, such as a natural hybrid giant miscanthus (Miscanthus × giganteus)
(Rakhmetov, 2015). From genetic point of view, M. × giganteus is a sterile allotripiploid
originated from hybridization between M. sacchariflorus and M. sinensis (Rayburn et al., 2009;
Chramiec-Glabik et al., 2012). This leads to problems with its sexual reproduction and, thus,
limits realization of breeding programs for improvement of agronomic traits of this species.
The only way to overcome the problem is obtaining of fertile polyploid forms (Yu et al., 2009).
Moreover, in most cases, polyploids are characterized by a larger cell size and perform better
compare to original plants in biomass yield (Birchler et al., 2003).
Thus, the aim of the work was to obtain polyploid lines of M. × giganteus in vitro using
new antimitotic compounds of dinitroanilines class (Оzheredov et al., 2009; Melnychuk et al.,
2016) and subsequent study of biological and biochemical traits of new lines.
Polyploidization of M. × giganteus has been conducted by cultivation of shoots in vitro on
micropropagation media supplemented with antimitotic agents at various concentrations
(3, 5, 10, 25 and 50 μM) for 7 and 14 days, followed by transfer to medium free of antimitotics.
Cultivation conditions were 16/8 h photoperiod and temperature 24 °С. Ploidy level of
obtained lines was determined by counting chromosome number in root tips apical meristem.
According to the results of the work, it was shown that new compounds of
dinitroanilines class have a significantly lower level of phytotoxicity compared to the classic
dinitroanilines, such as oryzalin and trifluralin. All of compounds used in the work proved to
be able to induce polyploidy in M. × giganteus. As a result, lines of M. × giganteus with
increased ploidy level have been obtained. Analysis of their biological and biochemical traits
in comparison with original forms has been conducted and the most promising lines for
further application have been determined. Further analysis and study of fertility and
reproduction of the lines is underway.

Keywords: Miscanthus, polyploidyzation, in vitro, antimitotic agents, dinitroanilines, biofuel feedstock.
Acknowledgments
The work was carried out within the framework of scientific projects "Creation of new high-yielding
lines of Miscanthus as a raw materials for bioethanol via obtaining of polyploids" (0113U004719)
of Program of Natl. Academy of Sci. of Ukraine "Biological Resources and New Technologies of
Bioconversion" (2013-17).

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |53
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September 11–13, 2019