Page 187 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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BUCKWHEAT AS AN IMPORTANT PART FOR ORGANIC AGRICULTURE
AND AGRO‐BIODIVERSITY
Oleh Tryhub

Ustymivska experimental station of plant production of Plant production institute n.a. V.Y. Yuryev
National academy of agrarian sciences of Ukraine, Ustymivka, Ukraine; E-mail: trygub_oleg@ukr.net
Buckwheat as an agricultural crop, today does not occupy a significant place in
agricultural production yet. But because of the unique grain composition by the content of
proteins, vitamins, and minerals, which have significant antioxidant properties, buckwheat is
often a crucial component of a healthy diet. It is also indispensable for organic farming – have
a significant sensitivity to the ecological state of the environment. A significant role of
buckwheat in creating an indispensable product of the therapeutic and prophylactic direction,
which is buckwheat, honey. Buckwheat honey occupies the first place among products in this
direction.
Despite the extensive experience in buckwheat growing in the world (over 2,000
years), today scientists are opening new directions for the use of buckwheat as an agricultural
crop and food products made from it. The material for further research of buckwheat and its
products may be samples of the National Collection of Ukraine. More than 1.6 thousand
samples of the different ecological and geographical origin of 4 botanical species are
concentrated there. To this aim annually 150–200 samples are sown and the study of planting
material in the traditional directions – allocation of sources for the creation of new high
productivity and adaptivity cultivars is carried out. On the station is study new directions of
use buckwheat for the production of a honeycomb conveyor, the use of planting mass for
green fertilizer, use new botanical species of buckwheat as a material to create valuable
buckwheat products.
During the last 5 years at the Ustymivska Experimental Station of Plant production, a
population variety Population 2017/1 was created for use as green fertilizers by the method
of selection according to the level of development and growth rate of buckwheat plants. This
variety, in comparison with the standard variety Ukrainka, forms 1.5–1.8 times more green
mass (up to 85–100 tons/ha). With the use of such material as green fertilizers, it is possible
to bring with a green mass in the soil to 170 kg/ha of nitrogen, 50 kg/ha of phosphorus, 250
kg/hectare of potassium. This is a good alternative as oppose to ecologically dangerous
mineral fertilizers.
In countries of Europe and the world, the great importance in nutrition is the use of
healthy and nutritious food. Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) is used in
Ukraine as a source of useful and essential proteins, vitamins and minerals. But the greater
content of useful components contains another botanical species – Tartary buckwheat
(Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn.). In the research station, a number of studies were conducted
on the comparative evaluation of different samples of this species of buckwheat different
origin to detect the most productive of them, which are able to form a larger amount of grain
and green mass for food processing.
The study of different buckwheat varieties according to the level of production of
honey is carried out in terms of productivity of nectar per unit area, attractiveness for bees,
and others like that. Among the great diversity, varieties are selected that are most suitable
for the production of honey and recommended for the creation of a honeycomb conveyor for
production of honey for a long time. They include varieties Zelenokvitkova 90, Ukrainka, Sofia,
Elena (Ukraine), Lakneya and Smuglyanka (Belorussia), Bashkirskaya krasnostebel’naya and
Agidel’ (Russia) and other.

Keywords: buckwheat, green fertilizers, Fagopyrum tataricum Gaertn., honey.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |187
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September 11–13, 2019