Page 141 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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SCHISANDRA CHINENSIS (TURCZ.) BAILL. IN THE COLLECTION OF THE M.M. GRYSHKO
NATIONAL BOTANICAL GARDEN OF UKRAINE
Galina Sliusar

M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv,
Ukraine; E-mail.: g.slyusar@yandex.ua
The M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS (NBG) of Ukraine is a well-
known center for the introduction, acclimatization, and selection of unusual and rare fruit
crops, among which introduced species from the Far East are of particular significance. One
such species is the Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (magnolia-vine), a member of the genus
Schisandra Michɯ. in the family Schisandraceae Blume.
The genus Schisandra includes 25 species distributed in tropical and subtropical regions
of Asia: in north-eastern, central, and south-eastern China (Manchuria), in Korea, in the Far
East of the Russian Federation, in the east of Thailand, in Cambodia, Vietnam, Nepal and some
regions of India, Burma and Japan, and in North America.
The purpose of the research into the history of the introduction of S. chinensis at the
M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the Ukrainian, the creation of the collection, and
characteristics of the introduced population.
Establishment of a botanical-geographical 'Far East' section was planned at the NBG as
early as 1938–1939, according to the general plan of O.I. Sokolovsky and G.O. Stepunin. Seeds
of Schisandra chinensis were first obtained in 1949 at the Khabarovsk Research Institute of
Forestry. The second successful attempt was made in 1951 in the Suputinsky natural reserve
of Primorsky Region. Later, in 1966, the scientist O.O. Pirozhenko brought from an expedition
to the Primorsky Region the seeds of nearly 100 species of Far East Flora (including the
magnolia-vine). The seedlings were planted in the botanical geographical section. According
to Y.K. Gotsyk, nearly 16 % of seedlings began to bear fruit in the third year after planting. In
ten years, magnolia-vine plants became thickly woven in the trees, reaching a height of 3 m.
Today, there is a stable introduced population with all vegetation ages in the 'Far East'
botanical-geographical section, where Schisandra chinensis reproduces both by seeds and
vegetatively. This introduced population was a source of promising forms for local
reproduction, which later became the initial selection material. Selection of magnolia-vine as a
fruit crop was begun at the NBG by I.M. Shaytan in the 1950s. The seeds were obtained from
Ivanovo (Russia) and by local reproduction. As a result, a collection of S. chinensis was formed,
now containing more than 200 plants. The collection is represented by highly productive
forms characterized by resistance to pests and diseases, winter hardiness and large fruits. The
promising form Sadovy 1 was selected from the grown seedlings (in 1959); after testing it
acquired the status of a cultivar and was entered in the Ukrainian register of plant cultivars.
The plant shoots grow intensely, and fruiting is abundant (3–5 kg of fruits per shrub) and
yearly.
Magnolia-vine has great economic value and is used as a valuable food, ornamental and
medicinal plant.
Keywords: Schisandra chinensis, history of introduction, selection, cultivar.

4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life |141
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September 11–13, 2019