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https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

            4  International Scientific Conference                                           Abstracts Book
              th
             SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY STUDY OF POLLEN MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS
                                                OF SAMBUCUS NIGRA L.
                         Vladimíra Horčinová Sedláčková , Ivan Gurnenko , Ján Brindza
                                                             1
                                                                                2
                                                                                               1
             1 Institute of Biodiversity Conservation and Biosafety, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak
                                     Republic; E-mail.: vladimira.sedlackova@uniag.sk
                        2 M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

                  The pollen grains have a definite shape, size, color, structure for each species, genus and
            family and these characters are useful for systematic botany. The complex of these
            morphological characteristics and ultrastructure allows determining the differences or
            similarities between the same and various species and genotypes.
                  In the Slovak flora, Sambucus nigra L. is the most vegetative species from the Adoxaceae
            E.Mey. family, but pollen grains were not yet studied using by SEM (Scanning Electron
            Microscopy) in the conditions of Slovakia.
                  The aim of the work was to study the  general characteristics and significant
            morphological traits of Sambucus nigra pollen grains. The studies were performed on pollen
            obtained from wild-growing twenty  Sambucus  nigra  varieties (SN-1–SN-18) and cultivar
            Haschberg (SN-19–SN-20) cultivated in Slovakia. The pollen grains were studied at the
            Institute of Biodiversity Conservation and Biosafety in Nitra (Slovakia) and the Laboratory of
            Department of Tropical and Subtropical plants of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden
            (Kyiv, Ukraine) using the scanning and transmission electron microscopy SEM. The
            measurement of morphometric  parameters was carried out on 50 pollen grains from each
            genotype using the AxioVision Rel. 4.8.2.0 program.
                  The shape of fresh pollen grains is slightly  elongated, closer to  spheroidal. In outline
            from the pole – round. The form  of dried pollen grains is oval.  Sambucus pollen is three-
            furrowed. Furrows are long, with oval, even edges. Exina sculpture is coarse-mesh.
                  This study showed that there were significant differences the samples in all measured
            factors. The polar axis of pollen grains values varied from 18.23 to 29.91 μm (varieties) and
            from 20.99 to 26.85  μm (cv. Haschberg). The equatorial  diameter values for wild-growing
            varieties and cv. Haschberg pollen grains varied from 10.86 to 16.83 μm and from 12.28 to
            16.43 μm, respectively. There were no significant differences between pollen grains of wild-
            growing varieties and cultivar Haschberg. This study confirmed small differences among the
            genotypes in all measured factors with variation coefficient in the range 2.62–8.62 %. Shape
            index of tested genotypes varied from 1.08 to 2.36 for wild-growing varieties and from 1.30 to
            2.08 for cv. Haschberg.
                  It was noted that diversity of surface sculpturing of pollen grains in combination with
            shape and sizes of them enables to use complex of thin morphologic signs for Sambucus nigra
            pollen identifications.

            Keywords: Sambucus nigra, pollen, SEM, morphology, Slovakia.
            Acknowledgments
            The publication was prepared with the active participation of researchers in international network
            AgroBioNet, within the project  ITEBIO-ITMS  26220220115. Co-author  (51810109) is grateful to
            Visegrad Scholarship Fund for the scholarship  grant and  National Scholarship Programme of  the
            Slovak Republic for the research stay during which the presented knowledge was obtained.













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