Page 78 - Zbornik_Konf_2019

https://doi.org/10.15414/2019.9788055220703

4 International Scientific Conference Abstracts Book
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SILYBUM MARIANUM (L.) GAERTN. PLANTS POPULATION AND WEEDS DISTRIBUTION

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Nina Chavdar , Alexander Rushchuk , Denis Shaykhilov
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3

1 Republican Botanical Garden, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie; E-mail.: chavdar1957@mail.ru
2 Republican Research Institute of Ecology and Natural Resources, Bendery, Pridnestrovie
3 Pridnestrovian State University Named After T.G. Shevchenko, Tiraspol, Pridnestrovie

The specific structure of weeds vegetation and their distribution degree in crops
depending on Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. plants population in the conditions of
Pridnestrovie is defined.
Silybum marianum is used in medicinal purposes at liver diseases generally that
assumes without herbicides use cultivation technology. It is possible to regulate weeds
distribution degree by various Silybum marianum plants population.
The goal of research – to establish of Silybum marianum plants population influence on
weeds distribution degree and structure.
Pervenets Pridnestrovya – the cultivar of Pridnestrovian State University Named After
T.G. Shevchenko was used as initial material for planting. Researches were conducted on the
exercise plot of the Agrarian and Technological Faculty of the Pridnestrovian State University.
Silybum marianum seeds planting was carried out on April 22, 2018. Shoots appeared late –
on May 18, 25 days later after planting due to the lack of moisture. Experimental plot area was
12.5 m (2.55.0 m.). Row-spacing width in all experience options was 30 cm. 12 plants
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population options were studied in the experience. Silybum marianum plants population in 1–
11 options was 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8; 1.0; 1.2; 1.4; 1.6; 1.8; 2.0 mln. seeds/ha.; option 12 – without
Silybum marianum seeds (control). Weeds accounting in crops was carried out on July 2, 2018,
plants age was 45 days. Weeds weight was defined in a wet and air-dry state.
Dicotyledonous weeds were generally noted: Amaranthus retroflexus L., Setaria viridis
(L.) P. Beauv., Portulaca oleraceae L., Aristolochia clematitis L., Atriplex patula L. Amaranthus
retroflexus and Portulaca oleraceae were noted in all experience options. Amaranthus
retroflexus held the dominant position. Weeds quantity varied from 540 plants/m in 1 option
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up to 28 in the 11 option. Weeds wet weight varied from 3293.2 g/m in 1 option up to 143.6
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g/m in the 11 option at plants population of 2.0 million plants/ha. Air-dry weeds weight
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varied from 542.9 g/m in 1 option up to 25.7 g/m in the 11 option. Weeds quantity and
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their weight in the first option were above control, in options No. 2-11 – below. The average
mass of one wet weed plant varied from 2.6 g in the 7 option up to 13.0 g in the 3 option.
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The average mass of a dry weed plant varied from 0.35 g in the 5 option up to 1.7 g in the 3
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option. The smallest weed plants were defined in 4–9 options. The wet weight of one weed
plant was 3.2; 3.3; 3.6; 2.6; 3.0; 2.9 g in 4-9 options respectively; dry weight – 0.5; 0.35; 0.47;
0.39; 0.42; 0.39 g.
The results demonstrate a possibility of weeds distribution regulation by various
Silybum marianum plants population. The regularity was observed – the Silybum marianum
plants population is higher; the distribution of the weed and weight is less. The established of
Silybum marianum plants ability to suppress the number and weeds weight can form the basis
for green (without herbicides) cultivation technologies application.
Keywords: Silybum marianum, plants population, weeds distribution regulation.

|78 4 International Scientific Conference Agrobiodiversity Nutrition, Health and Quality of Human and Bees Life
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September 11–13, 2019